# iInvent > An encyclopedia of invention. Everything an inventor needs to know — 218 articles, 31 country guides, 30 walkthroughs, 9 templates, and a step-by-step journey from idea to grant. Free. Forever. The open editorial reference for inventors building intellectual property. iInvent is operated by Taprano LLC, a Qatar-registered entity. The platform provides a comprehensive, editorially curated knowledge base for physical inventors navigating the patent and intellectual property process. All content is free to access. No legal, financial, or professional advice is provided; for jurisdiction-specific guidance, users should consult a qualified patent attorney. Language versions: English (primary) | العربية | 中文 --- ## Core Sections - [Homepage](https://www.iinvent.co): Everything an inventor needs to know. 218 articles, 31 country guides, 30 walkthroughs & 9 templates. Free forever. The open reference for inventors. - [Encyclopedia](https://www.iinvent.co/encyclopedia): The world's most comprehensive patent and invention knowledge base. Browse all 218 articles by topic, country, or stage. - [The Journey](https://www.iinvent.co/tools/journey): Ten stages from the first sketch to a granted, scaled patent portfolio. The complete inventor's roadmap. - [The Checklist](https://www.iinvent.co/tools/checklist): Eighty actions, eleven stages, every deadline that can cost you rights forever. Track your progress as you go. - [How-To Walkthroughs](https://www.iinvent.co/how-tos): Thirty step-by-step guides for every common patent task an inventor can do themselves. - [Glossary & Who's Who](https://www.iinvent.co/glossary): 134 patent terms in plain English, plus a Who's Who of the offices, people, and institutions inventors encounter. - [Community Compact](https://www.iinvent.co/community): An editorial community of practice for solo inventors. Free to join, lawyer-friendly, no funnels. - [Country Guides](https://www.iinvent.co/countries): Patent filing guides for 31 jurisdictions worldwide. - [About](https://www.iinvent.co/about): About iInvent and its editorial mission. --- ## Country Guides - [Australia](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-australia) - [Bangladesh](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-bangladesh) - [Brazil](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-brazil) - [Canada](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-canada) - [China (CNIPA)](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-china) - [Colombia](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-colombia) - [Egypt](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-egypt) - [Europe (EPO)](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-europe) - [France](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-france) - [GCC Countries](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-gcc) - [Germany](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-germany) - [India](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-india) - [Indonesia](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-indonesia) - [Japan](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-japan) - [Korea](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-korea) - [Malaysia](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-malaysia) - [Mexico](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-mexico) - [New Zealand](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-new-zealand) - [Nigeria](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-nigeria) - [Pakistan](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-pakistan) - [Philippines](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-philippines) - [Russia](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-russia) - [Saudi Arabia](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-saudi) - [Singapore](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-singapore) - [Thailand](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-thailand) - [Turkey](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-turkey) - [UAE](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-uae) - [United Kingdom](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-uk) - [United States (USPTO)](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-usa) - [Vietnam](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/country-guide-vietnam) - [Africa Patent Guide](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/africa-patent-guide) --- ## How-To Walkthroughs - [Calculate Patent Maintenance Fees](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-calculate-patent-maintenance-fees) - [Check Freedom to Operate Using Free Tools](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-check-freedom-to-operate-using-free-tools) - [Check if a Patent Is Still in Force](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-check-if-a-patent-is-still-in-force) - [Create an Inventor's Notebook](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-create-an-inventors-notebook) - [Do a Trademark Clearance Search](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-do-a-trademark-clearance-search) - [Draft an Invention Disclosure in Under 2 Hours](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-draft-an-invention-disclosure-in-under-2-hours) - [File a Continuation Application](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-file-a-continuation-application) - [File a Design Patent Application](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-file-a-design-patent-application) - [File a Provisional Patent Application Yourself](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-file-a-provisional-patent-application-yourself) - [File a Trademark in China (CNIPA)](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-file-a-trademark-in-china-cnipa) - [File a Trademark in the EU (EUIPO)](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-file-a-trademark-in-the-eu-euipo) - [File a Utility Model in China (CNIPA)](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-file-a-utility-model-in-china-cnipa) - [File a Utility Model in Germany (DPMA)](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-file-a-utility-model-in-germany-dpma) - [File an International Design Application (Hague System)](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-file-an-international-design-application-hague-system) - [Find the Owner of a Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-find-the-owner-of-a-patent) - [Prepare for a Trade Show With Proper IP Protection](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-prepare-for-a-trade-show-with-proper-ip-protection) - [Prepare Patent Drawings Using Free Software](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-prepare-patent-drawings-using-free-software) - [Read a Patent Office Action](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-read-a-patent-office-action) - [Record a Patent Assignment with the USPTO](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-record-a-patent-assignment-with-the-uspto) - [Register a Trademark on the USPTO Website](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-register-a-trademark-on-the-uspto-website) - [Request a Patent Examiner Interview](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-request-a-patent-examiner-interview) - [Request Accelerated Examination (USPTO Track One)](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-request-accelerated-examination-uspto-track-one) - [Search Espacenet Like a Professional](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-search-espacenet-like-a-professional) - [Set Up Amazon Brand Registry for Your Invention](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-set-up-amazon-brand-registry-for-your-invention) - [Set Up Google Alerts for Your Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-set-up-google-alerts-for-your-patent) - [Use the Lens.org Patent Database](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-use-the-lens-org-patent-database) - [Use the Madrid System for International Trademarks](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-use-the-madrid-system-for-international-trademarks) - [Use the PPH to Accelerate Your Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-use-the-pph-to-accelerate-your-patent) - [Use WIPO PATENTSCOPE for International Prior Art](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/how-to-use-wipo-patentscope-for-international-prior-art) - [What to Do When Someone Breaches Your NDA](https://www.iinvent.co/walkthroughs/what-to-do-when-someone-breaches-your-nda) --- ## Templates - [Co-Inventor Agreement](https://www.iinvent.co/templates/co-inventor-agreement) - [Invention Disclosure Form](https://www.iinvent.co/templates/invention-disclosure-form) - [Manufacturing Agreement](https://www.iinvent.co/templates/manufacturing-agreement) - [NDA — One-Way (Unilateral)](https://www.iinvent.co/templates/nda-one-way-unilateral) - [NNN Agreement (China)](https://www.iinvent.co/templates/nnn-agreement) - [Patent Assignment Agreement](https://www.iinvent.co/templates/patent-assignment-agreement) - [Patent Licence Agreement (Non-Exclusive)](https://www.iinvent.co/templates/patent-licence-agreement-non-exclusive) - [Prior Art Search Report](https://www.iinvent.co/templates/prior-art-search-report) - [Prototype Development Agreement](https://www.iinvent.co/templates/prototype-development-agreement) --- ## Encyclopedia Articles — Foundations - [What Is a Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/what-is-a-patent) - [What Is Prior Art](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/what-is-prior-art) - [Do I Need a Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/do-i-need-a-patent) - [What Do I Do First](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/what-do-i-do-first) - [First to File vs First to Invent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/first-to-file-vs-first-to-invent) - [How to Patent an Idea](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/how-to-patent-an-idea) - [How Long to Get a Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/how-long-to-get-patent) - [How Much Does a Patent Cost](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/how-much-does-a-patent-cost) - [Deadlines That Kill](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/deadlines-that-kill) - [Mistakes That Cost Everything](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/mistakes-that-cost-everything) - [Protect Before Filing](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/protect-before-filing) - [Patent vs Trade Secret](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/patent-vs-trade-secret) - [Patent Without a Prototype](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/patent-without-prototype) - [Comparison: Patent, Copyright, Trademark](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/comparison-patent-copyright-trademark) - [Comparison: Utility Patent vs Utility Model](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/comparison-utility-patent-model) - [Comparison: Design Patent vs Registered Design](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/comparison-patent-design) - [Comparison: PCT vs Paris Convention](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/comparison-pct-paris) --- ## Encyclopedia Articles — Filing & Prosecution - [Provisional vs Non-Provisional Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/provisional-vs-nonprovisional) - [PCT International Filing](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/pct-international-filing) - [Patent Specification](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/patent-specification) - [Patent Drawings](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/patent-drawings) - [Patent Classifications](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/patent-classifications) - [How to Write Patent Claims](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/how-to-write-patent-claims) - [How to Read a Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/how-to-read-a-patent) - [Office Actions](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/office-actions) - [How to Respond to an Office Action](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/how-to-respond-to-office-action) - [Design Patents & Registered Designs](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/design-patents-registered-designs) - [Patent Continuation Strategy](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/patent-continuation-strategy) - [Freedom to Operate](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/freedom-to-operate) - [Google Patents Tutorial](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/google-patents-tutorial) - [When to Hire a Patent Attorney](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/when-to-hire-patent-attorney) - [First Attorney Meeting](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/first-attorney-meeting) - [How to Find an Overseas Patent Attorney](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/how-to-find-overseas-patent-attorney) --- ## Encyclopedia Articles — Confidentiality & Contracts - [NDAs for Inventors](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/ndas-for-inventors) - [NNN Agreements for China](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/nnn-agreements-china) - [Confidentiality Agreements Worldwide](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/confidentiality-agreements-worldwide) - [Co-Inventor Agreements](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/co-inventor-agreements) - [Essential Contracts for Inventors](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/essential-contracts) - [Cease and Desist](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/cease-and-desist) --- ## Encyclopedia Articles — Commercialisation & Business - [How to License Your Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/how-to-license-your-patent) - [How to Sell Your Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/how-to-sell-your-patent) - [How to Value Your Invention](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/how-to-value-invention) - [How to Pitch Your Invention](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/how-to-pitch-your-invention) - [How to Prototype](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/how-to-prototype) - [How to Find a Manufacturer](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/how-to-find-manufacturer) - [IP Strategy for Startups](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/ip-strategy-for-startups) - [Patent Infringement](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/patent-infringement) - [Responding to a Patent Threat](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/responding-to-patent-threat) - [Patent Due Diligence](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/patent-due-diligence) - [Patent Valuation for Negotiations](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/patent-valuation-for-negotiations) - [Patent Maintenance Strategy](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/patent-maintenance-strategy) - [Patent Portfolio on a Startup Budget](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/patent-portfolio-startup-budget) - [You Got a Patent — Now What](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/you-got-a-patent-now-what) - [Trademarks for Inventors](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/trademarks-for-inventors) - [Crowdfunding and IP](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/crowdfunding-and-ip) - [Feasibility Analysis](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/feasibility-analysis) --- ## Encyclopedia Articles — Funding & Revenue - [Funding: Angel & VC](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/funding-angel-vc) - [Funding: Bootstrapping](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/funding-bootstrapping) - [Funding: Business Plan](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/funding-business-plan) - [Funding: Company Formation](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/funding-company-formation) - [Funding: E-Commerce](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/funding-ecommerce) - [Funding: Equity Crowdfunding](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/funding-equity-crowdfunding) - [Funding: Financing a Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/funding-financing-patent) - [Funding: Government Grants](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/funding-government-grants) - [Funding: Pricing Strategy](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/funding-pricing-strategy) - [Funding: Revenue Models](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/funding-revenue-models) - [Funding: Tax on Patent Income](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/funding-tax-patent-income) - [Funding: Trade Shows](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/funding-trade-shows) --- ## Encyclopedia Articles — Technology Sectors - [AI & Machine Learning Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-ai-ml) - [3D Printing Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-3d-printing) - [AR & VR Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-ar-vr) - [Battery & Energy Storage Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-battery) - [Biotech Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-biotech) - [Blockchain Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-blockchain) - [Chemical Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-chemical) - [Drone Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-drones) - [Green Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-green-patents) - [IoT Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-iot) - [Nanotechnology Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-nano) - [Quantum Computing Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-quantum) - [Semiconductor Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-semiconductor) - [Sensor Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-sensors) - [Software Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/tech-software) --- ## Encyclopedia Articles — Industry Sectors - [Aerospace & Defence](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-aerospace-defence) - [Agritech](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-agritech) - [Automotive](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-automotive) - [Clean Energy](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-clean-energy) - [Construction](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-construction) - [Consumer Electronics](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-consumer-electronics) - [Cosmetics](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-cosmetics) - [EdTech](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-edtech) - [Food & Beverage](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-food-beverage) - [Furniture & Household](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-furniture-household) - [Industrial Equipment](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-industrial-equipment) - [Marine](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-marine) - [Medical Devices](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-medical-devices) - [Mining, Oil & Gas](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-mining-oil-gas) - [Packaging](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-packaging) - [Pharma & Biotech](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-pharma-biotech) - [Robotics](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-robotics) - [Sports & Fitness](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-sports-fitness) - [Textiles & Fashion](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-textiles-fashion) - [Water & Environment](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/sector-water-environment) --- ## Encyclopedia Articles — Glossary Deep Dives - [Abstract](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-abstract) - [Agent vs Attorney](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-agent-vs-attorney) - [Continuation-in-Part (CIP)](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-cip) - [Claim Construction](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-claim-construction) - [Dependent & Independent Claims](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-dependent-independent) - [Divisional Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-divisional) - [Doctrine of Equivalents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-doctrine-equivalents) - [Enablement](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-enablement) - [Patent Examiner](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-examiner) - [Grace Period](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-grace-period) - [Hague System](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-hague) - [Inter Partes Review (IPR)](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-ipr) - [Markush Claims](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-markush) - [Means-Plus-Function](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-means-plus-function) - [Novelty](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-novelty) - [Obviousness](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-obviousness) - [Patent Family](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-patent-family) - [Patent Pending](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-patent-pending) - [Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH)](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-pph) - [Preamble](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-preamble) - [Prior User Rights](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-prior-user-rights) - [Priority Date](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-priority-date) - [Patent Prosecution](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-prosecution) - [Provisional Application](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-provisional) - [WIPO](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-wipo) - [Written Description](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/glossary-written-description) - [Legal & Commercial Glossary](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/legal-commercial-glossary) - [Who's Who in the Invention World](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/whos-who-invention-world) --- ## Encyclopedia Articles — Case Studies - [Case: China Copy](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-china-copy) - [Case: Co-Inventor Dispute](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-coinventor-dispute) - [Case: Crowdfunding Fail](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-crowdfunding-fail) - [Case: Design Patent on Amazon](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-design-patent-amazon) - [Case: Fortune 500 Pitch](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-fortune500-pitch) - [Case: GCC Inventor](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-gcc-inventor) - [Case: Kitchen Gadget](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-kitchen-gadget) - [Case: NNN China Lockdown](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-nnn-china-lockdown) - [Case: No Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-no-patent) - [Case: Office Action Save](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-office-action-save) - [Case: Patent Expiry](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-patent-expiry) - [Case: Patent Sale](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-patent-sale) - [Case: Patent Troll](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-patent-troll) - [Case: PCT Strategy](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-pct-strategy) - [Case: PhD Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-phd-patent) - [Case: Startup Budget](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/case-startup-budget) --- ## Additional How-To Articles - [Alibaba IP Protection](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-alibaba-ip) - [Amazon Brand Registry](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-amazon-brand-registry) - [Check Patent Status](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-check-patent-status) - [Continuation Application](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-continuation) - [ePCT Filing](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-epct) - [Espacenet Search](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-espacenet) - [Examiner Interview](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-examiner-interview) - [File a Design Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-file-design-patent) - [File a Provisional Patent](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-file-provisional) - [Final Office Action Response](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-final-office-action) - [Find Patent Owner](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-find-patent-owner) - [FTO with Free Tools](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-fto-free-tools) - [Google Alerts for Patents](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-google-alerts) - [Hague System Filing](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-hague) - [Individual vs Company Filing](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-individual-vs-company) - [Invention Disclosure](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-invention-disclosure) - [Inventor's Notebook](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-inventor-notebook) - [Lens.org Patent Database](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-lens-org) - [Madrid System Trademarks](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-madrid-system) - [Maintenance Fees](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-maintenance-fees) - [Monitor Competitors](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-monitor-competitors) - [NDA Breach Response](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-nda-breach) - [Patent Analytics](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-patent-analytics) - [Patent Drawings (Free Software)](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-patent-drawings-free) - [Patent Translation](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-patent-translator) - [PATENTSCOPE Search](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-patentscope) - [PPH Acceleration](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-pph) - [RCE Filing](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-rce) - [Read an Office Action](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-read-office-action) - [Record a Patent Assignment](https://www.iinvent.co/articles/howto-record-assignment) - 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